Both the "ShareAlike" and "NoDerivatives" licensing conditions deal with derivative works. With the "NoDerivatives" condition, derivative works are not allowed in any circumstances without my permission. With the "ShareAlike" condition, derivative works are allowed, even without permission, provided that the derivative work is distributed under the same license.

If neither "ShareAlike" nor "NoDerivatives" are in the licensing terms (i.e. "CC-BY" or "CC-BY-NC"), then your derivative work may be released under a different license, provided it also abides by the licensing conditions. In essence, it means that your derivative work may be released under a more restrictive license, or the same license.

For example, let's say you wanted to remix a Karlheinz work. If the Karlheinz work is released under a "NonCommercial-NoDerivatives" license, you would have to get permission to do so, even if the remix was offered for free. On the other hand, if the work is released under a "NonCommercial-ShareAlike" license, you would be able to remix the work, without even asking permission, as long as the remix itself was also released under a "NonCommercial-ShareAlike" license (and not, for instance, under a "Non Commercial-No Derivatives" license).

If the original work is released under a pure "NonCommercial" license, you may release that remix under any form of license, provided that license is also "NonCommercial" - CC-BY-NC, CC-BY-NC-ND, CC-BY-NC-SA, or with all rights reserved (full copyright restrictions). If the original work is "Attribution" only, you may use it for any purpose - including commercial use - and release the remix under any license you choose, provided you attribute Karlheinz for the original content.

Keep in mind that you only hold the rights to the parts of the derivative work that you create. You may not assert control over any part of the original work. If you release a derivative work, even under full copyright, then the original work - and any other derivative works - are out of your control.